The Mechanisms of Action of Feed Enzyme Preparations
Feed enzyme preparations are very important in animal husbandry, mainly due to improving feed utilization efficiency, reducing feed costs, improving animal health, and reducing environmental pollution. There are many mechanisms of action of feed enzyme preparations, many of which that includes the following aspects:
1. Promoting the digestion and absorption of nutrients: enzyme preparations participate in biochemical reactions to promote the absorption and utilization of proteins, fats, cellulose, starch, and other nutrients. It can break the cell wall, exposing the cytoplasm and further degrading it by endogenous enzymes, thereby improving the digestibility of intracellular substances. In addition, enzyme preparations can also reduce the viscosity of digestive tract chyme, increase the contact surface between chyme and enzymes and the small intestine, thereby improving the digestion and absorption rate of nutrients.
2. Eliminating anti-nutritional factors: There are many anti-nutritional factors in feed that directly affect the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients. Enzyme preparations can partially or completely eliminate the adverse effects of these anti-nutritional factors, thereby improving the utilization rate of feed.
3. Supplementing the deficiency of endogenous enzymes: Young animals or animals in pathological stress states have weaker ability to secrete enzymes. Adding enzyme preparations such as protease, amylase, and lipase appropriately to feed can supplement the deficiency of endogenous enzymes, improve feed utilization, and promote the secretion of endogenous enzymes.
4. Improving the utilization rate of phytic acid phosphorus: 60% to 80% of phosphorus in most plant feed and grains exists in the form of phytic acid phosphorus. Aquatic animals lack endogenous phytase and cannot utilize this phosphorus, resulting in ineffective phosphorus being discharged into water bodies and causing pollution. The use of phytase can convert phytic acid bound phosphorus into available phosphorus for animal use, thereby improving the utilization rate of phosphorus in feed.
5. Maintaining the integrity of small intestinal villi morphology: enzyme preparations can also maintain the integrity of small intestinal villi morphology and promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients.
In conclusion, feed enzyme preparations also have other advantages. Enzyme preparations, as natural products of microbial fermentation, do not have the various drawbacks of synthetic chemical additives and will not cause harm to livestock products, ensuring food safety. In addition, the application of enzyme preparations can also expand feed resources, use unconventional feed resources, and further reduce feed costs.
