Bacillus subtilis is widely used not only in feed, but also in sewage treatment and biofertilizer fermentation or fermentation bed production. It is a multifunctional microorganism.

The need for sustainable aquaculture has promoted research into the use of probiotics on aquatic organisms. The initial interest was focused on their use as growth promoters and to improve the health of animals; however, new areas have been found, such as their effect on reproduction or stress tolerance, although this requires a more scientific development.

The growth of aquaculture as an industry has accelerated over the past decades; this has resulted in environmental damages and low productivity of various crops. The need for increased disease resistance, growth of aquatic organisms, and feed efficiency has brought about the use of probiotics in aquaculture practices. The first application of probiotics occurred in 1986, to test their ability to increase growth of hydrobionts (organisms that live in water). Later, probiotics were used to improve water quality and control of bacterial infections. Nowadays, there is documented evidence that probiotics can improve the digestibility of nutrients, increase tolerance to stress, and encourage reproduction.

Probiotics are used in both human and animal nutrition for their health benefits. In animal diets, probiotics are included as feed additives to create a healthy and resilient intestinal microbial environment. Maintaining a beneficial intestinal microbial composition helps in improving the overall health of the animal and thereby positively affects body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR).

Feed additives are substances added to animal feed to enhance its nutritional value, improve animal health, and promote growth. They have become an essential part of modern animal production systems due to their ability to improve animal performance, reduce feed costs, and enhance food safety. The use of feed additives has become increasingly important as the demand for animal protein products continues to grow worldwide. This research article examines the importance of feed additives in the growth of animals, their types, and their benefits.

With the rapid development of modern animal husbandry, improving breeding efficiency and economic benefits has become a focus of concern for breeders. As ruminants, the characteristics of the digestive system in Beef Cattle and Mutton Sheep make intestinal health crucial for their growth and production performance.

Below is the continued list of the main functions and roles of lactic acid probiotics in the field of animal husbandry. They incclude promoting growth and digestion, boosting immunity, and gut regulation.

Lactic acid bacteria have various applications in animal husbandry, mainly including improving intestinal environment, increasing feed utilization, promoting growth, enhancing immunity, reducing disease incidence, and improving the quality of meat, eggs, and milk.

The various roles of lactic acid probiotics in aquaculture include adjusting water quality and improving aqua-environment, promoting nutrient absorption and growth performance, as well as enhancing immunity and preventing diseases.

Oligosaccharides such as ligo-maltose and oligo-fructose can promote the proliferation of avian derived Lactobacillus acidophilus and enhance its beneficial effects in the gut creating a healthy gut microbiome that is low in unwanted pathogenic bacteria.